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Substance abuse involves taking of drugs other than for the medical purposes. It involves taking of substances that are likely to cause harm to your health which is either physiological injury or psychological damage. There are other terms used that relate to substance abuse such as drug misuse. However, drug misuse involves taking of drugs in contrary to the prescription of the doctor. Instances of drug misuse include; an overdose or sharing prescribed drugs.

Various substances are abused widely. Such substances are classified into three categories based on the intended effect they have on the consumer. They include; amphetamines, all-rounders, and downers. Amphetamines tend to stimulate the nervous system. They are commonly known as the uppers. Examples of amphetamines that are abused in the USA as well as entire Europe include; cocaine, nicotine, caffeine, and MDMA which is also known as ecstasy or molly. They speed up the performance of the body physically and psychologically. They enhance the body function to suit the needs of the person taking.

The other category of substances that are abused are the owners. They act as the depressants of the nervous system. They differ from the uppers as they inhibit the processes of the body. Users tend to experience muscle relaxation, impulses, sedation as well as drowsiness. The owners are further classified into three classes including opiates, sedative-hypnotics, and alcohol. The opiates induce the state of excitement or happiness. Examples of opioids are heroin, morphine, and opium. Sedative-hypnotics slows body functions such as breathing hence leading to relaxation. Among the Sedative –hypnotics, Valium is commonly abused. Alcohol is widely used as a means of relaxing especially after a long week after school.

The last category is the all-rounders. They tend to manipulate the perception of the user through hallucinations. They interfere with the interpretation of the brain. The most commonly used are the; marijuana, LSD, and PCP.

The main reason as to why users tend to engage in substance abuse through peer pressure. This is common among students as they tend to follow the behaviors of their peers. Another reason is due to unstable environments around a home, therefore, taking shelter in taking drugs.

These substances are very harmful to the body. Such effects include; damage to body parts such as the kidneys, liver and the heart, memory loss or even death. Therefore it is very crucial for one to avoid substance abuse to avoid such effects. If one is already a user, you can seek help from a professional to cope with the addiction.

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